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A brief history: over the centuries the Inca empire spread across the Andes mountains in South America, with Cuzco in Peru as its capital. There is a reason behind the saying ‘pride comes before a fall’: at a time when the Incas - an Indian people – had reached the peak of their powers, their leader and his successor died, probably from smallpox, the deadly epidemic of the time. Around the same time Spain slowly began its conquest of South America, the pre-colonial era came to an end, and Columbus’ discovery of the Americas in 1492 led to the fall of the Inca Empire.